{"id":180971,"date":"2025-07-24T09:16:21","date_gmt":"2025-07-24T02:16:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meeymap.com\/tin-tuc\/?p=180971"},"modified":"2025-07-24T09:16:21","modified_gmt":"2025-07-24T02:16:21","slug":"thiet-ke-do-thi-thich-ung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/meeymap.com\/tin-tuc\/thiet-ke-do-thi-thich-ung","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng ra sao?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 r\u00f5 n\u00e9t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eeb ng\u1eadp \u00fang tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean \u1edf TP.HCM, n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1eb7n s\u00e2u t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long. Ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd thay, ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng h\u00f3a ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i, b\u00ea t\u00f4ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng ra sao \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu?\u201d. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 hai chi\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu (B\u0110KH), ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap Vi\u1ec7t Nam x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb linh ho\u1ea1t, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam: M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ea5t do B\u0110KH<\/b><\/h2>\n

T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh t\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu (B\u0110KH) c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft. V\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 3.260 km v\u00e0 hai v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2u th\u1ed5 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WB) v\u00e0 IPCC li\u00ean t\u1ee5c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 nh\u1ea5t. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, n\u00f3 \u0111ang hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 n\u00e9t t\u1ea1i h\u01a1n 860 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan k\u00e9o d\u00e0i khi\u1ebfn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u201cl\u00f2 b\u00e1t qu\u00e1i\u201d kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ven bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 b\u00e3o l\u0169 ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t gia t\u0103ng v\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9. T\u1ea1i TP.HCM, nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t sau m\u01b0a l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ea1, v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u00eam tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng khi trung t\u00e2m kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang s\u1ee5t l\u00fan v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh 1,5 cm\/n\u0103m.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Thi\u1ebft
M\u1ed9t con h\u1ebbm t\u1ea1i TP.HCM ch\u00ecm trong bi\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc sau tr\u1eadn m\u01b0a l\u1edbn, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long (\u0110BSCL) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1, C\u00e0 Mau \u0111ang v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1eb7n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u, trong khi b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb World Bank (2023) ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng 1 m\u00e9t, kho\u1ea3ng 40% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 20 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi – ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn sinh k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/b><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i cho b\u00e0i to\u00e1n th\u00edch \u1ee9ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. C\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t trong m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng lu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea9n khi v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i g\u1ed3ng m\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a B\u0110KH, v\u1eeba v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp th\u00eam nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho ch\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c B\u0110KH \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/b><\/h3>\n

V\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u1eadp trung cao \u0111\u1ed9, c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u1ed1n d\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

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  • Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng v\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0110\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb (Urban Heat Island – UHI)<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    B\u00ea t\u00f4ng, nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ed1i m\u00e0u h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u201cch\u1ea3o l\u1eeda\u201d. Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb Trung t\u00e2m D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o Kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ee7y v\u0103n Qu\u1ed1c gia, trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan (tr\u00ean 35\u00b0C) t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 TP.HCM \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh 15-20% so v\u1edbi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1980-1999.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u0110\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i h\u01a1n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb (UHI). C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc Kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ee7y v\u0103n v\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu cho th\u1ea5y, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y h\u00e8 cao \u0111i\u1ec3m, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1eadn trung t\u00e2m H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (nh\u01b0 Ho\u00e0n Ki\u1ebfm, \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0110a) v\u00e0 TP.HCM (Qu\u1eadn 1, Qu\u1eadn 3) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 t\u1eeb 4\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 7\u00b0C. S\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 tim m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0, tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

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    • N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng v\u00e0 Ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ven bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng tr\u0169ng. K\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n B\u0110KH c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (MONRE) n\u0103m 2020 \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ebd ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh \u0111\u00e1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng: n\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng 1 m\u00e9t, kho\u1ea3ng 16.8% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a TP.HCM v\u00e0 38.9% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng trung t\u00e2m kinh t\u1ebf, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda, h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea5n ch\u00ecm, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng, t\u00ea li\u1ec7t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \"Thi\u1ebft
      S\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n v\u1ed7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda ven b\u1edd, minh h\u1ecda r\u00f5 n\u00e9t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng v\u00e0 x\u00f3i l\u1edf b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

      Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 do tri\u1ec1u c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n do c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn m\u01b0a l\u1edbn v\u1edbi v\u0169 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan. M\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn m\u01b0a ch\u1ec9 100mm trong v\u00f2ng 2-3 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i TP.HCM, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng th\u00e0nh s\u00f4ng, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      • B\u00e3o l\u0169 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan v\u00e0 X\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1eb7n:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        C\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ven bi\u1ec3n mi\u1ec1n Trung nh\u01b0 \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, Hu\u1ebf, Quy Nh\u01a1n n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u201ccung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n b\u00e3o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1ee9c t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf gi\u00f3 gi\u1eadt, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn l\u0169 qu\u00e9t, s\u1ea1t l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t do m\u01b0a l\u1edbn sau b\u00e3o, \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng \u0110BSCL, \u201ck\u1ebb th\u00f9 th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng\u201d l\u00e0 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1eb7n. N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1eeb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n s\u00f4ng M\u00ea K\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y ranh gi\u1edbi m\u1eb7n v\u00e0o s\u00e2u trong \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c kilomet. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1, M\u1ef9 Tho, B\u1ebfn Tre \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt cho sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn an ninh ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u c\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb.<\/span><\/p>\n

        \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/b><\/h3>\n

        Trong ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        • Ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Theo m\u1ed9t th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n \u0110i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam (EVN), khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 t\u1edbi 70% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c gia. Ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch. C\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, trung t\u00e2m mua s\u1eafm v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 24\/7 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO\u2082 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xi m\u0103ng, s\u1eaft th\u00e9p \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi c\u00f4ng, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i qu\u1ed1c gia. \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh, ri\u00eang l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 38% t\u1ed5ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/span><\/p>\n

            \n
          • Ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            S\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 xe m\u00e1y v\u00e0 \u00f4 t\u00f4, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong hai th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2026, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 TP.HCM c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n 15 tri\u1ec7u xe m\u00e1y v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n 2 tri\u1ec7u \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f9n t\u1eafc giao th\u00f4ng tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u201cd\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng\u201d ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO\u2082, PM2.5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh. Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o xe c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/span><\/p>\n

            \"Thi\u1ebft
            D\u00f2ng xe c\u1ed9 k\u1eb9t c\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 nh\u1ea3 ra kh\u00f3i b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
              \n
            • B\u00ea t\u00f4ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng gian xanh<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u201ct\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i\u201d l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. V\u00ec l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kinh t\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1edf, m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb san l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb m\u1edbi. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e2y xanh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang \u1edf m\u1ee9c b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1eadn n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 TP.HCM, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t d\u01b0\u1edbi 2 m\u00b2\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong khi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean H\u1ee3p Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 10-15 m\u00b2\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO) l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 9 m\u00b2\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

              S\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng gian xanh v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 k\u00e9p. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0, n\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5m h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, khi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a ch\u1ea3y tr\u00e0n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ea t\u00f4ng, d\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n. Hai l\u00e0, n\u00f3 tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau \u201cm\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\u201d c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. C\u00e2y xanh v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 thanh l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. M\u1ea5t \u0111i ch\u00fang, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u00f3ng b\u1ee9c, ng\u1ed9t ng\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c c\u00fa s\u1ed1c kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/span><\/p>\n

              T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c k\u00e9p v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 theo l\u1ed1i m\u00f2n c\u0169, m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eeba khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n, v\u1eeba g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh B\u0110KH. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 trong t\u01b0 duy quy ho\u1ea1ch, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng s\u1ebd m\u00e3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 xa v\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

              Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ch\u01b0a th\u00edch \u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/b><\/h2>\n

              Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u0169, thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng quy ho\u1ea1ch ch\u1eadm c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, manh m\u00fan v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a g\u1eafn v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 d\u1ec5 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u00ean tai v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/span><\/p>\n

              B\u1ea5t c\u1eadp trong quy ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3\u00a0<\/b><\/h3>\n

              \u0110i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0129 m\u00f4 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 duy quy ho\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh v\u1eabn \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong nh\u1eefng “th\u00e1p ng\u00e0” c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n quy ho\u1ea1ch r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn l\u1eabn nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

              T\u01b0 duy quy ho\u1ea1ch thi\u1ebfu li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh<\/b><\/p>\n

              M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c: Giao th\u00f4ng – N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng – M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng – C\u1ea5p tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc – Nh\u00e0 \u1edf – Kinh t\u1ebf. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh:<\/span><\/p>\n

                \n
              • Quy ho\u1ea1ch Giao th\u00f4ng<\/b> th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, x\u00e2y th\u00eam c\u1ea7u v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u00f9n t\u1eafc tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft cho xe c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, thay v\u00ec t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy ho\u1ea1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n
              • Quy ho\u1ea1ch X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/b> ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n cao t\u1ea7ng v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ea5p tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/span><\/li>\n
              • Quy ho\u1ea1ch M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b> th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 “trang tr\u00ed”, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau c\u00e2y xanh, m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o cho \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh, c\u1eaft x\u00e9n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                S\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ch\u1eafp v\u00e1, thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c c\u00fa s\u1ed1c kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/span><\/p>\n

                \"Thi\u1ebft
                S\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m g\u1ea7n khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c quy ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

                Thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n B\u0110KH trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t quy ho\u1ea1ch<\/b><\/p>\n

                M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n B\u0110KH qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p ch\u00fang v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u00e1n quy ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau quy ho\u1ea1ch v\u1eabn ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed (chu k\u1ef3 m\u01b0a, \u0111\u1ec9nh tri\u1ec1u trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9) m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb m\u1edbi, khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng tr\u0169ng, c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t cao khi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng v\u1eabn di\u1ec5n ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

                M\u1ed9t th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u00e1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb B\u1ed9 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2024 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng, c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 68 tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 85 t\u1ec9nh, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c trung \u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0a t\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung v\u1ec1 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng B\u0110KH v\u00e0o c\u00e1c quy ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh, quy ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Quy ho\u1ea1ch v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111i sau th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng thay v\u00ec ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

                H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng<\/b><\/h3>\n

                \u1ede c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu r\u00f5 n\u00e9t h\u01a1n trong t\u1eebng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, t\u1eebng kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

                Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebfu b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng:<\/b><\/p>\n

                B\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb m\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00fang ta d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m:<\/span><\/p>\n

                  \n
                • Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh:<\/b> C\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 chung c\u01b0, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo d\u1ea1ng “h\u1ed9p k\u00ednh”, t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a di\u1ec7n t\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, che n\u1eafng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng n\u00f3ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean.<\/span><\/li>\n
                • Kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng:<\/b> V\u1ec9a h\u00e8, qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e1t b\u00ea t\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea1ch block, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ea3i cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i cho thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n nghi vi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  Case study so s\u00e1nh<\/b><\/p>\n

                  \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, h\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh hai khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u:<\/span><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • Khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Linh \u0110\u00e0m (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i):<\/b> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 90 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u 2000, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh “h\u1ed9p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng”. H\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c t\u00f2a chung c\u01b0 cao t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y san s\u00e1t nhau, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 thu\u1ed9c h\u00e0ng cao nh\u1ea5t H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 h\u1ed3 Linh \u0110\u00e0m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1edf v\u00e0 c\u00e2y xanh trong c\u00e1c khu \u1edf l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 giao th\u00f4ng, h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ng\u1ed9t ng\u1ea1t, n\u00f3ng b\u1ee9c v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu.<\/span><\/li>\n
                  • Khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Sala (TP.HCM):<\/b> T\u1ecda l\u1ea1c t\u1ea1i b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Th\u1ee7 Thi\u00eam, Sala \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c m\u1edbi trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0o quy ho\u1ea1ch. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00e2m vi\u00ean sinh th\u00e1i ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00eanh r\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i, Sala c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1edf, \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e2y xanh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu m\u00e1t m\u1ebb h\u01a1n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng cao h\u01a1n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t cao, Sala cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn: t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p sinh th\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa Linh \u0110\u00e0m v\u00e0 Sala cho th\u1ea5y, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi B\u0110KH v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 d\u00e2n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e1ng bu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3u Linh \u0110\u00e0m v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i do \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng trong thi c\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

                    \"Thi\u1ebft
                    Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i Sala \u01b0u ti\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edf, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0 duy quy ho\u1ea1ch sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

                    Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<\/b><\/h3>\n

                    Thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t trong t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p:<\/b> C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu (nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111a n\u0103ng, c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng xanh) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1edbn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean trong ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch. Ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn \u0111ang chi nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 “kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c” h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 (s\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u01a1m n\u01b0\u1edbc) thay v\u00ec “ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba” r\u1ee7i ro.<\/span><\/li>\n
                    • Thi\u1ebfu c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n:<\/b> Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i (v\u1ec1 thu\u1ebf, t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng…) cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh xanh, \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb sinh th\u00e1i v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. Nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eabn th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 “h\u1ed9p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng” nhanh v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh xanh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      Nh\u1eefng “\u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn” n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb gi\u1ea5y b\u01b0\u1edbc ra th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u00f2ng lu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t khung gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

                      Khung gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng<\/b><\/h2>\n

                      Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t khung gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong t\u01b0 duy thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. Khung gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 t\u1eeb h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

                      Quy ho\u1ea1ch linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean r\u1ee7i ro\u00a0<\/b><\/h3>\n

                      Thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n quy ho\u1ea1ch “c\u1ee9ng” v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn 20-30 n\u0103m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n, th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u0110KH.<\/span><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • T\u00edch h\u1ee3p b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0o m\u1ecdi c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 quy ho\u1ea1ch:<\/b> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u1ebd n\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebb quy ho\u1ea1ch, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 r\u1ee7i ro:<\/span>\n

                        <\/span><\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 r\u1ee7i ro ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t (Flood Risk Maps):<\/b> X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 chi ti\u1ebft, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng kh\u00e1c nhau (0.5m, 1m) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn m\u01b0a c\u1ef1c \u0111oan (100mm\/2h, 200mm\/3h). Nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng khai, minh b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi nh\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch, nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/li>\n
                        • B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t (Heat Maps):<\/b> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c “\u0111\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec7t” n\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/span><\/li>\n
                        • B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 r\u1ee7i ro s\u1ea1t l\u1edf, x\u00f3i l\u1edf:<\/b> \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ven bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                        • Ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro:<\/b> D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ean, quy ho\u1ea1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh. C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t cao ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy ho\u1ea1ch th\u00e0nh “v\u00f9ng c\u1ea5m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n” ho\u1eb7c “v\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf”. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u01b0u ti\u00ean bi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1edf, c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean, h\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, r\u1eebng ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n. H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u00e0 \u1edf, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng quan tr\u1ecdng (b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc) t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng “\u0111\u1ecf” n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                          \"Thi\u1ebft
                          Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng c\u1eedu long c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

                          Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng xanh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc\u00a0<\/b><\/h3>\n

                          \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng, l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0o trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh “Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 B\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n” (Sponge City):<\/b> Tri\u1ebft l\u00fd c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a Sponge City l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t “tr\u01a1” th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 “th\u1ea5m h\u00fat”. Thay v\u00ec nhanh ch\u00f3ng thu gom n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a v\u00e0 t\u1ed1ng ra s\u00f4ng, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i, l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a ngay t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i n\u00f3 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span>
                            \n<\/span><\/p>\n
                              \n
                            • V\u1ec9a h\u00e8 v\u00e0 b\u00e3i \u0111\u1ed7 xe th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/b> Thay th\u1ebf g\u1ea1ch block, b\u00ea t\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed7ng cao (g\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf, b\u00ea t\u00f4ng r\u1ed7ng) cho ph\u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a th\u1ea5m xu\u1ed1ng l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/span><\/li>\n
                            • V\u01b0\u1eddn m\u01b0a (Rain Gardens) v\u00e0 H\u1ed3 sinh h\u1ecdc (Bioswales):<\/b> Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i c\u00e2y xanh tr\u0169ng d\u1ecdc theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1, trong c\u00e1c khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 thu gom n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y tr\u00e0n. R\u1ec5 c\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t, s\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1 s\u1ebd l\u1ecdc s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5m xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea3y t\u1eeb t\u1eeb v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc chung.<\/span><\/li>\n
                            • H\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o:<\/b> X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3, ao, v\u00f9ng tr\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 khi c\u00f3 m\u01b0a l\u1edbn, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u1eeb gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ebft m\u01b0a.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                            • H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean, h\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng:<\/b> Thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i vui ch\u01a1i, gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 <\/span>C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean h\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a Nh\u00e2n Ch\u00ednh (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i)<\/b>. Ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ea3nh quan, h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u1edf trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t “b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a” n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a cho c\u1ea3 khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn m\u01b0a l\u1edbn. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian “l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh” \u2013 kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/span>
                              \n<\/span><\/li>\n
                            • M\u00e1i xanh (Green Roofs) v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1eddng xanh (Green Walls):<\/b>
                              \n<\/b><\/p>\n
                                \n
                              • M\u00e1i xanh:<\/b> M\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb 50-80% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi. Quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e1i t\u1edbi 30-40\u00b0C, gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m 15-25% chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/li>\n
                              • T\u01b0\u1eddng xanh:<\/b> C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y xanh th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u1ef9 quan \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 CO\u2082, PM2.5 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, gi\u1ea3m qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                • M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh “\u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb 15 ph\u00fat” (15-Minute City):<\/b> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y (c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, tr\u1ea1m y t\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean, n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c) trong v\u00f2ng 15 ph\u00fat \u0111i b\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf t\u01b0 duy ph\u00e2n khu ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc (khu \u1edf ri\u00eang, khu th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ri\u00eang, khu v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang) v\u00e0 thay b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t khu ph\u1ed1. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng xe c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi, gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                  \"Thi\u1ebft
                                  \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb 15 ph\u00fat gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
                                    \n
                                  • Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng (Transit-Oriented Development – TOD):<\/b> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p “x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng” cho c\u00e1c si\u00eau \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb nh\u01b0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 TP.HCM, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn metro \u0111ang d\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. TOD t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u00e2n c\u01b0, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n trong b\u00e1n k\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 800m (10 ph\u00fat \u0111i b\u1ed9) xung quanh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ga giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn (metro, BRT).<\/span>\n

                                    <\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/b> TOD t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, gi\u00fap n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00f4 t\u00f4, xe m\u00e1y.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                    • Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf:<\/b> M\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c TOD \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i \u01b0u ti\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi v\u1ec9a h\u00e8 r\u1ed9ng, an to\u00e0n, c\u00f3 m\u00e1i che; k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 ga v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 xung quanh; v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho xe \u0111\u1ea1p.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                    • T\u00e1i ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1:<\/b> Thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 xe m\u00e1y, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c “c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng” trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1. D\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian h\u01a1n cho <\/span>l\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ri\u00eang cho xe bu\u00fdt, l\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh cho xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, v\u00e0 v\u1ec9a h\u00e8 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9<\/b>. H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 thu ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ed7 xe tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ee9c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111i xe c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/span>
                                      \n<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                      Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xanh<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                      Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng B\u0110KH ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh t\u1eebng vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      • \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh xanh:<\/b> C\u1ea7n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh xanh nh\u01b0 LEED (Hoa K\u1ef3), BREEAM (Anh), ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ri\u00eang cho b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0 LOTUS (H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh Xanh Vi\u1ec7t Nam) v\u00e0 EDGE (IFC – Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi). C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/span>
                                        \n<\/span><\/li>\n
                                      • \u01afu ti\u00ean thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng (Passive Design):<\/b> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i ti\u1ec7n nghi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng (ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u) c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span>
                                        \n<\/span><\/p>\n
                                          \n
                                        • H\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh:<\/b> T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3n gi\u00f3 m\u00e1t v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh n\u1eafng g\u1eaft (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u1eafng h\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00e2y).<\/span><\/li>\n
                                        • Th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean:<\/b> Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh lang, gi\u1ebfng tr\u1eddi, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 do trong t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                        • Chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean:<\/b> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 l\u1edbn, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                        • Che n\u1eafng:<\/b> Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c \u00f4 v\u0103ng, lam che n\u1eafng, ban c\u00f4ng s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u1eeda k\u00ednh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                        • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng:<\/b> \u01afu ti\u00ean c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh sau:<\/span>
                                          \n<\/span><\/p>\n
                                            \n
                                          • Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (Solar Reflectance Index – SRI) cao:<\/b> C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ee3p m\u00e1i, s\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u00e1ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 SRI cao s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, gi\u1eef cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1t h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                          • V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/b> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng nung, b\u00ea t\u00f4ng tro bay, g\u1ed7 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf… gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                          • V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i carbon th\u1ea5p (Low-carbon materials):<\/b> \u01afu ti\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00edt t\u1ed1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0 tre, g\u1ed7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                            \"
                                            L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xanh trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng CO\u2082 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i so v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

                                            Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                            C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng tr\u00ean tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                              \n
                                            • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GIS v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec5n th\u00e1m (Remote Sensing):<\/b>
                                              \n<\/b><\/p>\n
                                                \n
                                              • GIS (H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Th\u00f4ng tin \u0110\u1ecba l\u00fd):<\/b> L\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 r\u1ee7i ro, theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u00e2y xanh, v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00edch \u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                              • Vi\u1ec5n th\u00e1m:<\/b> H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng x\u00f3i l\u1edf b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n, theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t sau m\u01b0a b\u00e3o, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                              • \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI) v\u00e0 H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine Learning):<\/b>
                                                \n<\/b><\/p>\n
                                                  \n
                                                • X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o r\u1ee7i ro thi\u00ean tai ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n. AI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 (kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ee7y v\u0103n, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o s\u1edbm v\u1ec1 ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t, s\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                • T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng: AI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u00f9n t\u1eafc, ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng van c\u1ed1ng, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn m\u01b0a l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                                • Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd quy ho\u1ea1ch:<\/b> X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quy ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, c\u00f4ng khai. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp, th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 quy ho\u1ea1ch tr\u1edf n\u00ean minh b\u1ea1ch, nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh <\/span>“Song sinh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1” (Digital Twin)<\/b>, n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a B\u0110KH tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                  Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c thi<\/span><\/h3>\n

                                                  C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, d\u00f9 \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t khung ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c thi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                  C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd<\/b><\/p>\n

                                                  H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0nh lang ph\u00e1p l\u00fd b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho vi\u1ec7c th\u00edch \u1ee9ng B\u0110KH trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                    \n
                                                  • C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt Lu\u1eadt Quy ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng:<\/b> C\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y theo h\u01b0\u1edbng <\/span>b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p<\/b> c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 B\u0110KH. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/span>
                                                    \n<\/span><\/p>\n
                                                      \n
                                                    • Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 r\u1ee7i ro thi\u00ean tai l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp, th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed3 \u00e1n quy ho\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                    • \u0110\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng r\u1ee7i ro, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c nguy c\u01a1 cao.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                    • B\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng xanh, coi n\u00f3 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng x\u00e1m (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, c\u1ed1ng r\u00e3nh).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                                    • R\u00e0 so\u00e1t v\u00e0 N\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Quy chu\u1ea9n, Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (QCVN, TCVN):<\/b> C\u00e1c quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c r\u00e0 so\u00e1t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3:<\/span>
                                                      \n<\/span><\/p>\n
                                                        \n
                                                      • QCVN 01:2021\/BXD (Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 Quy ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng):<\/b> C\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e2y xanh, m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c “khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch” l\u00ean “b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c” v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u. B\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau v\u1ec1 <\/span>“t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc”<\/b> cho c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb m\u1edbi.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                      • QCVN v\u1ec1 C\u1ea5p tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/b> C\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn m\u01b0a t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, n\u00e2ng t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn m\u01b0a c\u1ef1c \u0111oan trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh B\u0110KH.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                      • X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ed9 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh Xanh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam:<\/b> D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a LOTUS, c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 TCVN v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh xanh, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, t\u1eeb khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ed1n ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng h\u1ea1ng A).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                        \"Thi\u1ebft
                                                        B\u1ed9 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh Xanh l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

                                                        T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                                        Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi B\u0110KH \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c k\u00eanh huy \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                          \n
                                                        • Ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh Tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu Xanh \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb (Municipal Green Bonds):<\/b> Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, TP.HCM, \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00ean phong ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu xanh \u0111\u1ec3 huy \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng xanh, giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1ec1 khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd t\u1eeb Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/span>
                                                          \n<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                        • X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c C\u00f4ng – T\u01b0 (PPP) h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn:<\/b> C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian thu h\u1ed3i v\u1ed1n d\u00e0i. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh PPP linh ho\u1ea1t, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chia s\u1ebb r\u1ee7i ro h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 (gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng, \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i thu\u1ebf, b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh doanh thu…) \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat v\u1ed1n v\u00e0 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 (c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7) t\u1eeb khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n.<\/span>
                                                          \n<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                        • Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c Qu\u1ef9 Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u:<\/b> Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c cao \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 Qu\u1ef9 Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu Xanh (GCF), Qu\u1ef9 Th\u00edch \u1ee9ng (AF), v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (WB, ADB, AFD, KfW). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/span>
                                                          \n<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                          N\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n

                                                          C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2013 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u2013 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            \n
                                                          • \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u cho \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 chuy\u00ean gia:<\/b> C\u1ea7n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u1ed1i ng\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, quy ho\u1ea1ch, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, giao th\u00f4ng. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng xanh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro thi\u00ean tai cho c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 quy ho\u1ea1ch, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                          • N\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng:<\/b> C\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb xanh, v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tham gia gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Khi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                            \"Thi\u1ebft
                                                            C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb xanh<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

                                                            Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y S\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n<\/b><\/h3>\n

                                                            Quy ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia. S\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                              \n
                                                            • X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (Co-design):<\/b> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. H\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (n\u01a1i n\u00e0o hay ng\u1eadp, g\u00f3c n\u00e0o n\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t…).<\/span><\/li>\n
                                                            • H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 startup “xanh”:<\/b> Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 xanh, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4ng minh. C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m, qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i s\u1ebd l\u00e0 b\u1ec7 ph\u00f3ng cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                              Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 b\u1ed1n “\u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y” n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u00fa h\u00edch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng “\u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn” c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu v\u00e0 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                              K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/b><\/h2>\n

                                                              Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u01b0u ti\u00ean thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00edch \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111a di\u1ec7n, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, t\u1eeb h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng xanh th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u01b0 duy \u2013 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ed1ng v\u1eefng b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai an to\u00e0n cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 mai sau.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

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                                                              \n \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 post<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                              Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 r\u00f5 n\u00e9t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eeb ng\u1eadp \u00fang tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean \u1edf TP.HCM, n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":181207,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[312],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-180971","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-quy-hoach-do-thi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/meeymap.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/180971","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/meeymap.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/meeymap.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meeymap.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meeymap.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=180971"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/meeymap.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/180971\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":181224,"href":"https:\/\/meeymap.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/180971\/revisions\/181224"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meeymap.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/181207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/meeymap.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=180971"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meeymap.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=180971"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meeymap.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=180971"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}